{"id":635,"date":"2019-01-30T13:24:12","date_gmt":"2019-01-30T13:24:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/foxmet.com\/?page_id=635"},"modified":"2019-12-31T15:49:45","modified_gmt":"2019-12-31T15:49:45","slug":"brazing-alloys","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/foxmet.com\/index.php\/brazing-alloys\/","title":{"rendered":"Brazing Alloys"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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brazing alloys<\/h2>\n
 <\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tthe product lines\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>Reference<\/th>Ag<\/th>Cu<\/th>Zn<\/th>Sn<\/th>Cd<\/th>P<\/th>Others<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Cadmim-free alloys<\/th><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>56 Sn<\/td>56<\/td>22<\/td>17<\/td>5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>55 Sn<\/td>56<\/td>21<\/td>22<\/td>2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>45 Sn<\/td>45<\/td>27<\/td>25<\/td>3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>40 Sn<\/td>40<\/td>30<\/td>28<\/td>2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>38 Sn<\/td>38<\/td>31<\/td>28.8<\/td>2.2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>34 Sn<\/td>34<\/td>36<\/td>27<\/td>3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>32 Sn<\/td>32<\/td>35<\/td>30.5<\/td>2.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>30 Sn<\/td>30<\/td>36<\/td>32<\/td>2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Cadmim-bearing alloys<\/th><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>50 Cd<\/td>50<\/td>15.5<\/td>16.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>18<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>48 Cd<\/td>48<\/td>15<\/td>27<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>10<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>45 Cd<\/td>45<\/td>15<\/td>16<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>24<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>42 Cd<\/td>42<\/td>17<\/td>16<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>25<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>40 Cd<\/td>40<\/td>19<\/td>21<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>20<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>38 Cd<\/td>38<\/td>21<\/td>18.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>22.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>35 Cd<\/td>35<\/td>26<\/td>21<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>18<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>34 Cd<\/td>34<\/td>25<\/td>20<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>21<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>30 Cd<\/td>30<\/td>28<\/td>21<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>21<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>23 Cd<\/td>23<\/td>64.5<\/td>29<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>13.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>20 Cd<\/td>20<\/td>39<\/td>29<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>12<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>40 Cd Si<\/td>40<\/td>19<\/td>20.8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>20<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Si 0.2<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>30 Cd Si<\/td>30<\/td>28<\/td>20.8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>21<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Si 0.2<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>21 Cd Si<\/td>21<\/td>35.4<\/td>26.6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>16.6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Si 0.4<\/td><\/tr>
Ternary alloys<\/th><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>63 Ter<\/td>63<\/td>24<\/td>13<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>53.5 Ter<\/td>53.5<\/td>31<\/td>15.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>44 Ter<\/td>44<\/td>30<\/td>26<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>25 Ter<\/td>25<\/td>41<\/td>34<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>20 Ter Si<\/td>20<\/td>44<\/td>35.8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Si 0.2<\/td><\/tr>
Special alloys<\/th><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>50 Cd Ni<\/td>50<\/td>15.5<\/td>15.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>16<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ni 3<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>49 Mn<\/td>49<\/td>16<\/td>23<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ni 4.5 \/ Mn 7.5<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>72 Cu<\/td>72<\/td>28<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>68 Ni<\/td>68<\/td>25.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ni 0.5<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>54 Ni<\/td>54<\/td>40<\/td>5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ni 1<\/td><\/tr>
Phosphorus bearing alloys<\/th><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>15 P<\/td>15<\/td>80<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>6 P Ni<\/td>6<\/td>86.6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7.3<\/td>Ni 0.1<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>5 P<\/td>5<\/td>88.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>2 P<\/td>2<\/td>91.3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6.7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>1 P<\/td>1<\/td>92.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>080 P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>92<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>078 P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>92.2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7.8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>075 P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>92.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>068 P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>93.2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6.8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>062 P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>93.8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6.2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>07 P Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>89<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>4<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u00a0<\/td>06 P Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>86.25<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6.75<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcadmium free alloys (56 Sn - 30 Sn)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>56 Sn<\/th>55 Sn<\/th>45 Sn<\/th>40 Sn<\/th>38 Sn<\/th>34 Sn<\/th>32 Sn<\/th>30 Sn<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>56<\/td>55<\/td>45<\/td>40<\/td>38<\/td>34<\/td>32<\/td>30<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>22<\/td>21<\/td>27<\/td>30<\/td>31<\/td>36<\/td>35<\/td>36<\/td><\/tr>
Zn<\/td>17<\/td>22<\/td>25<\/td>28<\/td>28.8<\/td>27<\/td>30.5<\/td>32<\/td><\/tr>
Sn<\/td>5<\/td>2<\/td>3<\/td>2<\/td>2.2<\/td>3<\/td>2.5<\/td>2<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>620-650<\/td>630-660<\/td>640-680<\/td>650-710<\/td>660-700<\/td>630-730<\/td>660-740<\/td>665-755<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>9.5<\/td>9.2<\/td>9.1<\/td>9.1<\/td>8.8<\/td>8.7<\/td>8.6<\/td>8.8<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>350<\/td>510<\/td>500<\/td>500<\/td>520<\/td>500<\/td>500<\/td>500<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>25<\/td>11<\/td>14<\/td>17<\/td>18<\/td>20<\/td>20<\/td>18<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Flux-coated rod<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>56A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>32A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>B Ag-7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>B Ag-28<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ag14<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ag20<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ag21<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag45Sn<\/td>L-Ag40Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag34Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag30Sn<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Narrow melting range<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Excellent fluidity<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcadmium bearing alloys (50 cd - 34 cd)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>50 Cd<\/th>48 Cd<\/th>45 Cd<\/th>42 Cd<\/th>40 Cd<\/th>38 Cd<\/th>35 Cd<\/th>34 Cd<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>50<\/td>48<\/td>45<\/td>42<\/td>40<\/td>38<\/td>35<\/td>34<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>15.5<\/td>15<\/td>15<\/td>17<\/td>19<\/td>21<\/td>26<\/td>25<\/td><\/tr>
Zn<\/td>16.5<\/td>27<\/td>16<\/td>16<\/td>21<\/td>18.5<\/td>21<\/td>20<\/td><\/tr>
Cd<\/td>18<\/td>10<\/td>24<\/td>25<\/td>20<\/td>22.5<\/td>18<\/td>21<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>620-635<\/td>625-647<\/td>605-620<\/td>610-620<\/td>595-630<\/td>612-686<\/td>610-700<\/td>610-670<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>9.2<\/td>9<\/td>9.1<\/td>9.1<\/td>9<\/td>9<\/td>8.9<\/td>8.9<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>450<\/td>480<\/td>450<\/td>450<\/td>420<\/td>390<\/td>420<\/td>400<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>35<\/td>26<\/td>30<\/td>30<\/td>30<\/td>28<\/td>29<\/td>30<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Flux-coated rod<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>50A1<\/td>48A1<\/td>45A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>40A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>35A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>B Ag-1 a<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>B Ag1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>B Ag-2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>Ag1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ag2<\/td>Ag10<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>Ag11<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>L-Ag50Cd<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag40Cd<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Narrow melting range<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Excellent fluidity<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcadmium bearing alloys (30 Cd - 21 Cd Si)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>30 Cd<\/th>23 Cd<\/th>20 Cd<\/th>40 Cd Si<\/th>30 Cd Si<\/th>21 Cd Si<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>30<\/td>23<\/td>20<\/td>40<\/td>30<\/td>21<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>28<\/td>34.5<\/td>39<\/td>19<\/td>28<\/td>35.4<\/td><\/tr>
Zn<\/td>21<\/td>29<\/td>29<\/td>20.8<\/td>20.8<\/td>26.6<\/td><\/tr>
Cd<\/td>21<\/td>13.5<\/td>12<\/td>20<\/td>21<\/td>16.6<\/td><\/tr>
Si<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>0.2<\/td>0.2<\/td>0.4<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>600-690<\/td>600-770<\/td>600-760<\/td>595-630<\/td>600-690<\/td>610-750<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>8.8<\/td>8.6<\/td>8.5<\/td>9<\/td>8.8<\/td>8.5<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>380<\/td>350<\/td>380<\/td>420<\/td>380<\/td>380<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>30<\/td>30<\/td>32<\/td>30<\/td>30<\/td>32<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Flux-coated rod<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>30A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>21A1<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>B Ag-2a<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>Ag12<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>L-Ag30Cd<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag20Cd<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Narrow melting range<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Excellent fluidity<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tternary alloys (63 Ter - 20 Ter Si)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>63 Ter<\/th>53.5 Ter<\/th>44 Ter<\/th>25 Ter<\/th>20 Ter Si<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>63<\/td>53.5<\/td>44<\/td>25<\/td>20<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>24<\/td>31<\/td>30<\/td>41<\/td>44<\/td><\/tr>
Zn<\/td>13<\/td>15.5<\/td>26<\/td>34<\/td>35.8<\/td><\/tr>
Si<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>0.2<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>690-730<\/td>710-750<\/td>675-735<\/td>700-800<\/td>690-810<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>9.5<\/td>9.3<\/td>8.9<\/td>8.5<\/td>8.4<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>410<\/td>380<\/td>400<\/td>450<\/td>400<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>30<\/td>25<\/td>25<\/td>15<\/td>20<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Flux-coated rod<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>63A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>44A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>B Ag-5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>B Ag-5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag44<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag20<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Narrow melting range<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Excellent fluidity<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tspecial alloys (50 Cd Ni - 54 Ni)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>50 Cd Ni<\/th>49 Mn<\/th>72 Cu<\/th>68 Ni<\/th>54 Ni<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>50<\/td>49<\/td>72<\/td>68<\/td>54<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>15.5<\/td>16<\/td>28<\/td>25.5<\/td>40<\/td><\/tr>
Zn<\/td>15.5<\/td>23<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>5<\/td><\/tr>
Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Cd<\/td>16<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Mn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Ni<\/td>3<\/td>4.5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>0.5<\/td>1<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>635-655<\/td>625-705<\/td>778<\/td>675-753<\/td>713-857<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>9.2<\/td>8.9<\/td>10<\/td>9.8<\/td>9.6<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>450<\/td>550<\/td>350<\/td>350<\/td>400<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>25<\/td>25<\/td>33<\/td>25<\/td>30<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>50A2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>72A1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>B Ag-3<\/td>B Ag-22<\/td>B Ag-8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>B Ag-13<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>Ag9<\/td>Ag18<\/td>Ag7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>L-Ag50CdNi<\/td>L-Ag49<\/td>L-Ag72<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-Ag20<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Narrow melting range<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Excellent fluidity<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\"\u2714\"<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPHOSPHORUS BEARING ALLOYS (15 P - 080 P)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>15 P<\/th>6 P Ni<\/th>5 P<\/th>2 P<\/th>1 P<\/th>080 P<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>15<\/td>6<\/td>5<\/td>2<\/td>1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>80<\/td>86.6<\/td>88.5<\/td>91.3<\/td>92.5<\/td>92<\/td><\/tr>
P<\/td>5<\/td>7.3<\/td>6.5<\/td>6.7<\/td>6.5<\/td>8<\/td><\/tr>
Ni<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>0.1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>650-800<\/td>645-725<\/td>630-780<\/td>645-818<\/td>650-820<\/td>714-742<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>8.4<\/td>8.2<\/td>8.2<\/td>8.2<\/td>8.2<\/td>8<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>530<\/td>650<\/td>650<\/td>550<\/td>550<\/td>500<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>10<\/td>8<\/td>8<\/td>6<\/td>6<\/td>2<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>50B1<\/td>07B3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>07B2<\/td>08B1<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>B CuP-5<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>CP2<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>L-Ag15P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-CuP8<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Self-fluxing with copper<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Good ductility<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPHOSPHORUS BEARING ALLOYS (078 P - 06 P Sn)\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\u00a0<\/th>0.78 P<\/th>0.75 P<\/th>0.68 P<\/th>0.62 P<\/th>0.7 P Sn<\/th>0.6 P Sn<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Physical & Chemical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Nominal composition in % Ag<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Cu<\/td>92.2<\/td>92.5<\/td>93.2<\/td>93.8<\/td>89<\/td>86.25<\/td><\/tr>
P<\/td>7.8<\/td>7.5<\/td>6.8<\/td>6.2<\/td>7<\/td>6.75<\/td><\/tr>
Ni<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Sn<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>4<\/td>7<\/td><\/tr>
Melting range (\u00b0C)<\/td>714-756<\/td>714-770<\/td>714-820<\/td>714-880<\/td>670-710<\/td>650-700<\/td><\/tr>
Density<\/td>8<\/td>8<\/td>8.1<\/td>8.1<\/td>7.9<\/td>7.9<\/td><\/tr>
Mechanical characteristics<\/th><\/tr>
Tensile strength in MPA<\/td>500<\/td>500<\/td>500<\/td>550<\/td>850<\/td>800<\/td><\/tr>
Elongation in %<\/td>2<\/td>3<\/td>4<\/td>5<\/td>15<\/td>1<\/td><\/tr>
Available forms<\/th><\/tr>
Wire<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Rod<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Preform<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Strip<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Powder<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Paste<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Standards<\/th><\/tr>
AFNOR<\/td>08B1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>07B1<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
AWS<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>CP3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>CP6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
BS<\/td>L-CuP8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-CuP7<\/td>L-CuP6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
DIN<\/td>L-Ag15P<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>L-CuP8<\/td><\/tr>
Main properties<\/th><\/tr>
Self-fluxing with copper<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Good ductility<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Good capillarity action<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td><\/tr>
Good gap filling properties<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u2714<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBRAZING FLUXES\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
Reference<\/th>Acive range (\u00b0C)<\/th>Applications<\/th>Packaging<\/th>Packing (Kg)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Universal Fluxes<\/th><\/tr>
U1<\/td>500-800<\/td>Universal flux. Particularly recommended for steel.<\/td>Paste<\/td>0.15-1.2-9<\/td><\/tr>
U2
U25<\/td>		500-750<\/td>Universal flux. Particularly recommended for stainless steels and cooper alloys.<\/td>Paste
Powder<\/td>		0.15-1.2-9
0.09-0.6-30<\/td><\/tr>
U3
U35<\/td>		500-750<\/td>Universal flux. Particularly recommended for parts to be brazed in vetical condition.<\/td>Paste
Powder<\/td>		0.15-1.2
0.6-5<\/td><\/tr>
Special application fluxes<\/th><\/tr>
S1<\/td>500-800<\/td>Flux with boron. Recommended for the assembly of difficult stainless steels and refractory metals. Developed for brazing tungsten carbides with 50 Cd Ni brazing alloy.<\/td>Paste<\/td>0.15-1.1<\/td><\/tr>
S2<\/td>500-800<\/td>Especially for use with aluminium-copper and berryllium-copper.<\/td>Paste<\/td>0.15-1.2<\/td><\/tr>
S 45<\/td>550-750<\/td>Flux without boron. Used in nuclear applications.<\/td>Powder<\/td>0.6<\/td><\/tr>
H 15<\/td>600-900<\/td>

For high temperature brazing and for the assembly of large pieces requiring prolonged heating.<\/p>

Recommended for brazing alloys with a silver content less than 20%.<\/p><\/td>

Powder<\/td>0.1-0.6-5<\/td><\/tr>
FL 06<\/td>500-700<\/td>For delicate work using low melting point brazing alloys.<\/td>Liquid<\/td>1 Litre<\/td><\/tr>
AL 5<\/td>530-600<\/td>For the assembly of heat diffusing aluminium bases to stainless steel saucepans.<\/td>Power<\/td>5-20<\/td><\/tr>
AL 52<\/td>530-600<\/td>Can be used in paste form AL52<\/td>Powder<\/td>20<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>

With the exception of the assembly of components in copper with copper-phosphorus alloys, all other brazing operations require the use of a brazing alloy in conjunction with a suitable flux. The purpose of the flux is:<\/p>